Details

The monument includes an Iron Age enclosure, identified as a "banjo"
enclosure, an associated field system and a Romano-British villa
complex situated 500m east of Woodham Farm. The field system
comprises three cultivation terraces which follow the contours of the
dry valley in which the villa complex is situated. The westernmost of
the terraces adjoins the circular "banjo" enclosure. Partial
excavations in 1925 revealed one of a group of four buildings and
related enclosures. This included a pillared hypocaust and five or
six other rooms, two of which have tesellated floors.

MAP EXTRACT
The site of the monument is shown on the attached map extract.

Source: Historic England

Reasons for Scheduling

"Banjo" enclosures are lightly defended settlement sites of the
middle Iron Age (400-100BC), some being occupied as late as the Roman
Conquest. They are rare nationally with a distribution centred on,
and largely confined to, Wessex where they form a significant and
distinctive element of the later prehistoric landscape.
Villas were an important component of the Roman-British landscape,
representing the most Romanised form of farmstead, and ranging in
date from the first to the fourth centuries AD. They usually comprise
a well-appointed dwelling house together with agricultural
outbuildings and related enclosures and ancillary structures.
The significance of the Woodham Farm site is considerably enhanced by
the association of the Iron Age enclosure, a broadly contemporary
field system and Romano-British villa complex, providing an
opportunity to understand changing settlement patterns over a
considerable time.

Source: Historic England

Sources

Books and journals
Perry, B T, 'Proceedings of the Hampshire Field Club' in Excavations at Bramdean, Hampshire, 1965 and 1966, (1972), 63-4
Perry, B T, 'Proceedings of the Hampshire Field Club' in Excavations at Bramdean, Hampshire, 1965 and 1966, (1972), 63
Other
Hingley, R, HBMC Monument Class Description - banjo enclosures, (1987)

Source: Historic England