Details

This monument includes an Iron Age defended settlement known as Stock Castle situated on a hill slope overlooking the valley of the West Lyn River. The defended settlement survives as a 'D'-shaped enclosure measuring 46m long by 42m wide internally, defined by a single rampart and buried outer ditch. The rampart is up to 11m wide and 2m high. There is a simple gap entrance to the south east. Specialist aerial photographs revealed internal divisions and building platforms within the enclosure. The defended settlement is associated with complex linear cropmarks to the east and south east but these are not included in the scheduling as their character and date are not understood and they have not, therefore, been formally assessed.

Sources:
NMR:-SS74NW9
PastScape Monument No:-35166

Source: Historic England

Reasons for Scheduling

During the Iron Age a variety of different types of settlement were constructed and occupied in south western England. At the top of the settlement hierarchy were hillforts built in prominent locations. In addition to these a group of smaller sites, known as defended settlements, were also constructed. Some of these were located on hilltops, others in less prominent positions. They are generally smaller than the hillforts, sometimes with an enclosed area of less than 1ha. The enclosing defences were of earthen construction. Univallate sites have a single bank and ditch. At some sites these earthen ramparts represent a second phase of defence, the first having been a timber fence or palisade. Where excavated, evidence of stone- or timber-built houses has been found within the enclosures, which, in contrast to the hillfort sites, would have been occupied by small communities, perhaps no more than a single family group. Defended settlements are a rare monument type. They were an important element of the settlement pattern, particularly in the upland areas of south western England, and are integral to any study of the developing use of fortified settlements during this period. Despite reduction in the height of the rampart and some disturbance to the interior through cultivation Stock Castle survives comparatively well and aerial photographs have demonstrated internal features are still present. It will contain important archaeological and environmental evidence relating to its construction, use and landscape context.

Source: Historic England